“The cities will be part of the country; I shall live 30 miles from my office in one direction, under a pine tree; my secretary will live 30 miles away from it too, in the other direction, under another pine tree. We shall both have our own car. We shall use up tires, wear out road surfaces and gears, consume oil and gasoline. All of which will necessitate a great deal of work … enough for all.”
—Le Corbusier, The Radiant City (1967)
I
From the vault – this was originally published on JeSaurai.net in 2003
I’ve moved back to the place I was brought up, its a suburb has been for forty years or more, located about 25km from the city centre of Adelaide, and it has been changing. Originally, back 100 or so years ago it was a town, a village I guess in European terms, it had a river (thats what we call them here but its really a creek that now completely dries up in summer), it had sheep farms around it, a main street with churches and pubs, and I assume everything else that went with a small town, butchers, bakers, merchants and traders of all types. The men and women of the farms would come, either by horse or walk to the town centre to buy good and meet there locals, in those churches and pubs. Now though its becoming a growth area for new home buyers, partly due to the government incentives that gave new home builders a grant of $14000, thus the old housing commission houses have been knocked down and new ones built.
It must be said in the suburban sprawl that is the modern Adelaide, Salisbury isn’t even on the fringes, for the suburban area spreads another 15 to 20 km out from the centre of Salisbury. I do not drive a car, always have preferred to walk, for enviromental reasons, pleasure and personal fitness, the world always seemed more real when I strolled slowly along the streets, smelling the eucalyptus and just pondering my own thoughts, when on those rare occasions I meet another walker they often still knod a hello, or quickly comment on the weather, it makes me feel like I live. Which I guess is the point of this article, I don’t think many others feel that anymore, that sense that they are a part of their community, a part of touchable life.
In the past few weeks as I have walked down the road to the Salisbury city centre, a strip mall (to use the Americanism for the enclosed flouro lit shopping centre) and paved street with hairdressers and the local DSS, I have been distracted, almost in fear, because of the actions of the drivers on the road that I walk along. This is a busy road, arterial it should be now called, wide enough to be two lanes in each direction but not yet marked as such, and my walk is about half an hour at a brisk pace, in an almost straight line. From these passing drivers I have had the following: Toots of there horns, people always staring at me, one girl who wanted me to “be my boyfriend” yelled from the rear window as the driver tooted, waves from teenage children, and worst of all rocks the size of a mans fist thrown out from the moving vehicle in an attempt to hit me, and on one occasion at me and my sister. These last incidents were the most worrying to me as a rock traveling at more than 100 km could do some serious damage to me, even death, luckily their aim was not so good and I am still here to write this.
As you may expect this made me wonder why people in cars, which is almost all peopele, seemed to be so fascinated by me walking, and why they felt that they could and would do things that they would rarely ever do if they were face to face with me. The first conclusion is that they feel cocooned, protected in there vehicle and thus feel as though I am no threat, a toy almost to be played with. It seemed more though for some of them seemed like they actually wanted to be friendly, they wanted to make contact, to say “hello”, like the other (few) that I pass who are walking. I thought maybe they feel isolated and actually want to see and communicate with people, real people face to face, and get real reactions.
So why did they feel that they couldn’t? I’ve noticed in big urban enviroments, London, Melbourne, New Delhi, that people do the opposite they either ignore each other or when they do communicate with others its very formal or the opposite and sometimes their emotions explode, but this is dealt with at the time and with human socialabilities (interaction). The fact that all these people (drivers) live in a suburban enviroment seemed to explain their behavior. They were the result of a failed social plan, that exploded particularly in the US and Australia post world war two.
The suburb existed even in the 1800’s, planned park cities popped up in the US, England and Australia as people tried to escape the industrialised and thus polluted and over crowded cities for a ‘half way’ type life. Not country and not city, the best of both worlds, close enough to work and culture but also with trees and animals, and away from the smog and the crowds. It was only in the fifties with the combination of government incentives, the car and open spaces to be filled, that suburbia exploded. They were the first really planned living environs, villages and cities had always grown with the needs and mistakes of those living within them, but now things were planned from the start, roads were built, malls, parks, sewage, and cheap housing were all there before the people arrived. Paradise (there’s actually a suburb in Adelaide called just that).
One needed a car though, because things were so spread out, even a simple task of visiting a friend required a car, or a phone to call them, so what these (our) suburbs have now become reliant upon are, cars, roads, mobile phones, TV, the internet, and many other forms of technology that give us that one thing that cities and villages did so well. Social interaction, just the simplicity of seeing and hopefully talking to our neighbours (they are not just the ones over the adjoining fences), finding out what is really going on in our area, and what people think about it. Unfortunetly today most people get the majority of their social information from talk-back radio, current affairs programs, the internet and tabloid newspapers, rarely if ever speaking to someone new in their own area. And its not their fault, they would look odd, even a threat if they went up to a stranger and started to make conversation, because it is so uncommon.
The drivers throwing things at me and yelling at me are just a result of where they live, they I think would really like to say hello, what do you think about….?, but in a car flying by its impossible, so they yell, and toot, its there veiled attempt at real communication, its sad, but at least it is sort of real. It does freak me out a bit and I wish we had never planned this.
There is no reason to have a lender when you borrow money, you can just borrow from yourself at zero interest.
How is this possible?
Our view of money and debt has changed significantly in the last 12 years since the GFC. We used to think banks took our deposits of government printed cash and lent them out to borrowers. Charging interest to compensate for risk and the time value of money (inflation). The banks would give the depositor some interest and take a slice for themselves. It then appeared that this had never really been the case.
When you borrow money the bank creates that money electronically from nothing. Then all they need to do is balance their books by getting a deposit or borrowing money from another bank – which is also made from nothing. Charging interest in this economy seems a bit weird as it seems to require ever increasing borrowing (money creation) to pay the interest.
Here’s a good TED talk on this topic:
Now we have a plethora of cryptocurrencies making money from nothing. However they all have trouble holding value, but we’ll tackle that problem a bit later.
So if we can just electronically create money why do we need the depositor, or the bank – the lender.
The argument for banks is they are needed to decide who to lend to, to credit assess people and organisations to ensure most of the money is paid back (actually destroyed ensuring there isn’t an oversupply of money). The past has shown that they aren’t particularly good at this and essentially they just follow a set of rules which could be easily embedded in an algorithm. They look at previous borrowing and repayment history, income, security, other assets. It would actually be easier for an algorithm to do this as we wouldn’t have to worry about privacy issues involved in sharing our private finance information with the bank. Also credit ratings agencies which many banks use have incomplete and often inaccurate data because we don’t share with them directly. They can also be bought as happened during the GFC.
How we could do it
Create a cryptocurrency with embedded proof of identity (secret of course) and maybe give all new people some currency to start with. Each person has two wallets, one with a positive balance and one with a negative balance. An algorithm decides how much you can borrow to start with. It will be a small amount say 100, if that 100 is paid back then you can borrow 200 next time etc etc. If you want to borrow more and have money coming in from another system or person you can allow the algorithm to see your positive account balance and transactions. It can then use this to calculate the amount you can borrow. Very similar to what a bank currently does but you don’t need to share your private information with a bunch of bank clerks.
Security (assets to support you borrowing) could also be provided to borrow more money and the algorithm automatically sells the asset if repayments aren’t made.
Each individual doesn’t need to balance their account daily like a bank does now because the whole system is in balance.
If a person does not pay back the loan they can’t borrow for a while or they revert to the start or maybe never. ( The criteria for the algorithm can be set from the start or could be altered if all people in the system vote to do so.)
This undestroyed money from default loans will increase overall money supply so will need to be destroyed, this can be done with a system of demurrage (destroying a small portion of existing money in positive accounts – a bit like inflation) or a transaction tax. Another algorithm can track the system as a whole to calculate the amount that must be destroyed. The percentages will be very low 1-2%
Why would anyone pay back the money?
People will pay it back to preserve their future ability to borrow, the same as today. Also they know that the whole system suffers if they don’t, not some rich banker, but everyone’s saving will slightly decrease if there are defaults. Community encourages honesty.
If anything people will be more likely to repay the loans, and this system is more stable than our current system so the risk of the whole thing collapsing and the government bailing it out is mitigated. Remember post GFC we all paid to bail out the banks.
Benefits
No interest – why would you charge yourself interest.
There is no lender to suffer if the money isn’t paid back, the only one to really suffer is you, the person who borrowed from themselves as you may not be able to borrow again.
No banks
A democratic, decentralised system creates money. Unlike today.
The whole process is very fast and transparent, you’d always know how much you can borrow.
No secretive credit agencies.
A self regulating finance and monetary system. No more central banks playing with interest rates, no more hyper inflation. No more needless complexity.
Currency stability
We do this by pegging a universal income to an index of external (fiat) currencies and further demurrage. Everyone receives some money periodically, and everyone has some of the money in their positive account destroyed periodically. The amounts are small 1.5-2% destroyed and 3000 per annum payment. However the payment is raised and lowered depending upon the cryptocurrencies value against the index of other currencies. If the value decreases the payment decreases restricting money supply which should force the value back up again. Arbiters who buy and sell currencies know this so any drop would be met with many new purchase orders and vice versa until the currency stabilizes around a 1 to 1 with the index. See http://arimaa.com/money/GETCoin.pdf for more info in this pegging system.
So in stabilising the currency against other currencies we have gained another benefit. A Universal Income for everyone. Highly beneficial in times of pandemic.
You may also notice that if you wanted to buy a house with US dollars you could borrow enough of this new cryptocurrency from yourself and exchange it for USD and it would remain stable so you can make the repayments interest free.
Trustless decentralised bureaucracy: decreasing the labour and difficulty in doing simple tasks, and eliminating nepotism.
Liquid democratic organisations: Real democracy for shared resources and infrastructure including healthcare
Automate: Its still cheaper to exploit cheap workers than to automate, we need to automate all labour and increase leisure and contemplation.
If we do these 4 things we will also save the environment by taking power away from isolated elites and putting it into the free hands of those actually affected by environmental damage.
You may not have heard of any of these things so here’s a small explainer.
Modern Monetary Theory (MMT)
The simple version is that money can be made by a sovereign state – or anyone now with cryptocurrencies – and you can keep making more from nothing provided you control inflation by destroying some of it. We have all heard stories of governments printing money and causing hyperinflation, the hyperinflation is not so much caused by the printing of money as the loss of faith in the government and therefore the currency. But you can ensure faith by having a mechanism that controls money supply by destroying some of the money either through taxation, demurrage (the currency has a lifespan – a percentage is destroyed periodically), or transaction tax or VAT where some of the money spent is destroyed. If inflation is going up more is destroyed or less issued and if deflation occurs the opposite is done. This can all be automated so now political a cow for your vote bollox.
This means the government or issuer does not need to raise taxes before spending and does not need to pay interest to rich bond holders for borrowing. You may notice most governments carry huge unpaid debts but their currencies are still valued. You may also note that currently our currencies are not created by the government but rather the banks through credit creation, this gives the banking sector way too much power. We need to democratise money through MMT
Universal Income (UBI)
Give everyone free money. I prefer it to be more than enough for Basics (Universal Basic Income) as I belive people should be able to live a good life without submitting to wage slavery.
I’m not going to explain all the benefits here but rather just visit these places:
Basic Income Earth Network which I think is the oldest group promoting UBI https://basicincome.org/
Free money decreases stress, makes people happier and then they make better long-term decisions!
We use MMT to pay the UI.
Trustless decentralised bureaucracy
The blockchain and now other decentralised data transfer and storage systems have proliferated in the last 10 years because they can do communication, information storage and therefore money without the hierarchy and without the constant checking rechecking and regulating which our current world spends most its time doing.
You can now make an agreement and every step along the way to fulfilling it can be embedded in a system that does it automatically. Buy a house, borrow money, make repayments, miss payment, loose the house, all this can happen without any or very few people actually being involved. And you know about all the consequences upfront. Gone is lawyer gobbledygook, gone is the 100 page contract and term and conditions, gone is the conveyancer, the broker, the lodging clerk, the bank clerk, the collections officer, the real estate agent, the valuer, the regulator, the courts (for civil cases). All gone.
Transparent trusted human interactions.
Also no rich people rigging the system so they not you benefit, no outrageous fees, no financial walls allowing only the rich to register companies, to organise large groups of people, and no politicians being bought off. Better yes!
Liquid democratic organisations
We will still need to join together to do big projects, everything from healthcare to your local sporting club, and control of shared resources, oil, gas, coal and networks. The best way to organise these is democratically. Liquid direct democracy allows you to vote for any proposal or if you can’t be bothered to proxy your vote to another who will vote for you. But you can always take your vote back. Devolution I call it, so a representative never knows if they have your vote or not. So they must vote on their conscience not what they think will garner more power. The good should wield more power than the salesman.
As for proposals and filtering out all the crap ones there are a few ways to do this. The one I like most at the moment works like a market where people bet on the proposals they think will get passed therefore trying to predict the consensus. Those that get supported enough go to the vote but if they don’t pass the punters lose. All can punt of course and with Universal Income we will all have money to back our own ideas, and if yours passes and not many people supported it in the proposal stage you personally benefit.
You can also have an executive propose ideas but that is what we have now. Proposal limitation is the hard part at the moment but may not eventuate at all if many people have proxied their votes to trusted others.
Essentially this makes people act in the best interests of others, decency becomes ingrained.
Automate
We have the technology we can automate it all. Remove drudgery, remove work, all effort/labour should be to eliminate work.
A life of leisure is a good life.
How To
We can try and get politicians to do this for us but they are really only concerned with getting re-elected, after all that’s their job.
The most promising group making a better world is the Shardus (https://shardus.com/) network and their GETcoin universal payment. Getcoin uses demurrage at a low percentage rate, lower than inflation and a peg to fiat currencies which I love.
Fluid Democratia is a fully integrated decentralised socio/economic system based on a decentralised ledger. It incorporates a new currency, universal income, P2P lending, currency exchange, Land registry, and liquid democratic resources and infrastructure management. The purpose is to create a parallel system to the current hierarchical organisational structure. The aim is true freedom with sustainable prosperity.
Unlike other distributed platforms all users will be identified to ensure only one universal payment per person. This identification information is encrypted therefore anonymity is maintained while eliminating multiple free payments to the same person. To be a node members of the node must be identified which makes the system a universal permissioned system.
Scalability is achieved by identification, random selection of an ever changing (dynamic) shard and BFT (Byzantine fault Tolerant) consensus.
The aim is to enable all the things business, individuals and governments currently do in a centralised top down manner to be done in a peer to peer, decentralised, non-bureaucratic way. Each financial action will support a universal income fueling the system.
The platform will encompass many interlinked ledgers; the identification ledger, the transaction system, smart contract, exchange (on off ramp), land ownership, resource management and others.
Overview:
Real people input requests and verify actual events and situations in the real world (users and oracles).
They input this information into a GUI (Graphical User Interface) which sends messages to various decentralised nodes (splits one instruction into many messages (ledgers/blockchains/DAG’s/Databases)
The non grouped nodes (different ledgers) communicate with each other through a shared Interledger protocol (language) which each node can translate to and from. A signature in the shared protocol is recognised by all, so each message from a nested node (node with the Interledger protocol) is known to be verified.
The universal interledger protocol with the signature allows cross ledger communication and the GUI enables anyone to be an oracle to verify data against the real world.
Ledger framework
The system will start with three ledgers (or decentralised data storage and verification systems) the identity ledger, liquid democracy ledger and the transaction ledger. The nodes for each ledger can communicate through a shared Interledger protocol which all new ledgers will also use.
After that we will add the Land registry ledger, smart contracts ledger, markets ledger, exchange ledger (coins and currencies), and natural resources. Others can be added at a later date and existing platforms (such as Ethereum, Eos, IOTA etc) may also be connected using the interledger protocol.
The ledgers get information and instruction from the real world via a GUI (Graphical User Interface) which also enables any citizen to become an Oracle – someone who verifies a real world condition as true or false. Such as is Sebastian still alive? or did Trump win the election?
Consensus
The ledgers are essentially permissioned because each node must have a private and public key (be a citizen) and therefore be identified, then a randomly selected group of available nodes (shard) will reach consensus using a Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) algorithm.
The identity leger can use the same method as it grows from the developers. The first nodes will be run by the builders and they will identify new people/nodes and therefore the identity ledger is the first to run and does the base security for the other ledgers.
A shard of 50 nodes is used for verification and consensus. New nodes are swapped in and out of the shard updating their ledger when they are selected. The same randomising method based upon the private key is used to select the swaps.
Because there is no PoW the amount of computing power required is low so most people who have a verified account (citizen) could run a node at some time.
Coins
Four coins:
FDC (Fluid Democratia Coin) which is used for everyday transactions, fully exchangeable.
FDS (Fluid Democratia Sump) which is a temporary coin for the running of the sump (real time money supply regulator) and regulating the payment. This is non transferable and non tradeable.
FBC (Fluid Build Coin) A coin created on an existing platform (most likely Ethereum ERC20) paid to the builders of the platform and 1 for 1 exchangeable for FDI coins.
FDI (Fluid Demo Invest) Which is the investment vehicle. Receives income from newly created FDC for a limited period of time – 10 years post 1 million members.
Interledger (Interoperability) Protocol
Each node will have a translator which converts messages from their ledger into a shared language. Part of the library for this language will be prefixes for each ledger in the “nest” so they know where to send the message. Therefore each message will contain this prefix or address. A set of standard operations will also need to be included in this language the storage of which can also be done on a nested ledger to ensure security.
Nothing like this currently exists so it will need to be created.
GUI
The user interface must be integrated from the start and run on current phones and computers, preferably a simple text version should also be available so people with old phones can at least make transactions and receive the universal income.
The GUI splits messages so that one simple command can send instructions to many ledgers, it also adds the prefixes for each ledger.
An active GUI can also receive instructions from ledgers and act on them independently as an Oracle pulling information from other sources and sending confirmations (or not) back to the ledger network.
Some of the interoperability of the network is actually achieved through the GUI via real people.
Flow Siphon Flat Payment (Universal Income and money supply control) (Transactions ledger – Fluid)
Starting money = 75,000FDC
Maximum FP (Universal income) 50,000FDC per annum
Money burnt = 10% of each transaction – excluding lending and forex (foreign exchange) which has a fee of 1% burnt.
Each person is given 75,000 FDC when their identification is verified. Ten percent (10%) of each transaction in FDC is destroyed and the equivalent created in FDS and accounted for within the ledger. This tracks the amount destroyed. Each day the total FDS is divided by total confirmed users and an FP (Flat Payment or Universal Income) is made to each user for the equivalent in newly created FDC, the FDS is destroyed. The maximum daily payment is 136.89FDC (50,000/365.25). If no transactions are made, no FDC destroyed, no payment is made unless there is a surplus in the sump. If more than enough transactions are made to make the maximum payment the FDS increases and can be used to make the full payment at future days when not enough transactions are made. This acts as a real-time money supply regulator controlling inflation and deflation.
Market Place (Market Ledger)
This receives messages of all buy and sell requests from the “Contracts Ledger” and the GUI (people) that require acceptance (a buyer) before they can be fulfilled.
It lists offers, and then delists them when the transaction has settled. Everything from house sales to loan offers and coins/currency offers can be listed here. Both buy and sell.
Having it on a verifiable ledger ensures only legitimate (existing) items, people, contracts are for sale, and that they have a contract and associated real world verification Oracle and arbitration mechanism in place before being listed.
Note: the oracle and arbitration system replaces civil courts and regulations.
Many different GUI’s may access the market data and repackage as need be.
Lending (smart contracts ledger)
An embedded Dapp will enable any person to create debt vehicles (attached to tokens) which can be bought and sold on the Markets ledger and Forex ledger. Multiple trades will be cheaper through the Forex ledger as they will only attract the 1% siphon.
The Dapp will help create a simple loan contract, setting interest, repayment period and actions on default, including the nomination of an arbiter to resolve disputes.
This does not restrict others from creating their own Dapps.
The transfer of FDC for a financial instrument (within the Dapp contract) will only attract a 1% destruction of coin. If financial instrument tokens are swapped or transferred for each other (or becoming a pseudo currency*) they will need to provide 1% of the FDC equivalent (at current market rates) to be destroyed.
*Debt instruments as pseudo currency: if debt coins are exchanged for real goods or services a fee of 10% of the equivalent FDC must be provided within the contract to be destroyed. To police this a smart contract cannot be executed without message to the transaction ledger as one side of the transaction. If not a third parallel transaction must be created.
Exchange (Forex ledger)
The purpose of the exchange is to allow instant or near instant transfer from FDC to fiat currencies to allow people to use the FP universal payment with the current tap-and-go payment network. This will encourage quick adoption.
Cloning an existing open source currency exchange such as Stellar or XRP with a modification to allow any organisation to be a counterparty and hold funds.
As stated before a 1% fee in FDC will be burnt for each exchange which will create a demand for FDC. The counterparties may have their own fee on top.
As well as this fast but not trustless system of exchange we will also have a truly P2P system.
Bisque is a peer-to-peer exchange network which is open source, although created for Bitcoin we can adapt this software and make it available to the users of the Fluid Democratia. Bisque software sits on the users device not the ledger.
Liquid Democracy (voting ledger)
Liquid democracy gives all people a vote which they can proxy to trusted others. A liquid democracy is required to make decisions on the maintenance of the system, and decisions on payment of those maintaining it. This includes some support services.
It will also be used to select mangers of natural resources. It can be included in smart contracts to democratise infrastructure management.
Identity (ID Ledger)
Each real person must only receive one universal payment (FP) and each node must be identified therefore we must ensure there is only one private key per person. This identified and verified person we will call a citizen.
This does not preclude the creation of non-citizen private keys to allow discrete transactions however to prevent a denial of service attack a fee of 100FDC must be paid before messages can be sent from non-citizen keys.
To identify people we will email one of three parts of the private key to the users email address, text one of three to the users phone number and post one of three parts by normal mail to a real residential address – no post office boxes. The residential address will be confirmed by using the location services in the users phone. When you have all three parts you will create the account from your home with location settings on. If the location does not match the address part three was sent to the account is invalid.
Question: “Are you at home” = yes <location checked against residential address given>
All three parts together will make the complete key.
A difficulty arises if more than one person lives at an address, which is usual. When the first account from an address is activated a photo, and fingerprint are also captured. The subsequent accounts at that address cannot match those biometrics.
Then a password is created for access and the usual using reCAPTCHA or similar to prove you are a real person.
For those without a residential address a web of trust will be used to prove their identity. Trusted notaries could be another option.
Contracts (Smart Contracts Ledger)
The smart contract ledger sends automated messages to other ledgers and contracts to enact complex transactions. Everything from loan agreements, buying a house or the use of public infrastructure. It is the major user of the interledger protocol.
Using contracts we’ll pull together many people to pool money to build infrastructure. A liquid democracy is used to vote for a management/negotiation team.
Oracles (GUI)
Parties to a contract must put up a stake, if they don’t agree (on the outcome of external condition ie: car keys being delivered) it will be referred to their agreed Oracle, three must be selected in order in case the first is not available, if they still don’t agree it goes to random oracles. The oracles get the stake. Five random oracles must agree and they split the stake. They are rated on ability to give correct – agree with others – answers. This rating will help people choose preferred Oracle/s.
If still there is disagreement the dispute is referred to arbiter who should provide their services on a voluntary basis. There is room within the Fluid Democratia to pay arbiters if the liquid democracy decides such.
Death and cessation of accounts.
All accounts will need to select what will happen to their money/debts/assets/land at death and or the cessation of their account, and how this will be determined. An external oracle will need to be set up to determine death. This is essentially writing a will on creation of the account. If the oracle disappears before the user does a backup system will be in place to decide death and or cessation. This will be determined by liquid democratic vote to decide a worthy oracle and supported by funds from the sump.
People must use third party oracle not one they are a part of. Or they can put a time limit on their account so it will close within say 100 years.
Land (Land Ledger)
Another ledger will be used to store land ownership and category ( what the land can be used for; residential, industrial, parks, wild etc)
There is a land rent tax on the land, not the infrastructure which is burnt and the sump increased. The tax is paid periodically pro rata: land value divided by the lease period.
The ledger will need to store the following:
3+ point longitude/latitude reference point for land area.
Proprietor
Encumbrances
Lease period
Land category
Valuation (split between land and building)
Price
It will need to:
Prove original title from existing land registries. An oracle to check ownership is the simplest method.
Confirm dimensions. Hopefully we can do this with GPS, but it may not be accurate enough, surveyors and an Oracle may be necessary.
Transfer ownership
Register charge/mortgage
Change dimension, subdivide/consolidate.
Land tax siphon
Catagorise land type, cultural, mining, farming, residential, mixed, uncat, wild, common etc. – Random committee to review applications for recategorising. How applications are sent, criteria, and review of criteria, liquid democracy. And review of lease period.
Valuation system for land improvements split. Calculation and prompt for the land tax. Similar to the forex siphon.
Roads, pipes, wires easements etc.
Natural Resources (NR Ledger)
We can only control the price and output of those resources owned or voluntarily put under the control of the demokratia.
We can tabulate how much of each resource there is on the ledger and allocate it to extractors (miners, farmers and fishers) manufacturers and distributors (many will be collective infrastructure contracts). The management teams for these resources will select the extractors and distributors and will be elected by liquid democracy. The price will also be set by liquid democracy and this wholesale price burnt. Wages for the management team will be set by liquid democracy and paid from newly created coin.
The wholesale price can be used to control the supply of rare or dangerous resources.
There are some areas which are very difficult to manage under this system such as the common oceans and rivers etc.
We can have a framework in place so people can choose to abide with the demokratia pricing and limits and an opt in checking/regulatory system which may include payments/subsidies for abiding with the regulations.
Example: A fisher catches tuna from the ocean and ensures they only take 50 per year and they are all mature males (assuming this is the current agreed regulation). An independant oracle confirms the validity of this and the fisher receives an extra payment for complying with the regulations. They can also state on the sale of the tuna that they have complied and therefore hope for a higher price on sale.
An elected committee will come up with the regulations and put it to the liquid democracy for approval. Any interested party can propose amendments.
Residential land lease owners can use the resources from their land down to a level of 10 metres (excluding mining) but including rainfall, soil nutrients and trees. Other land use types may have different restrictions.
Build and Maintenance – DAO
A Decentralised Autonomous Organisation (DAO) will build and maintain the system. A Build coin (FBC) will be created on Ethereum (ERC20) and issued to those that contribute to the build. This can be coordinated through Github and some new user interfaces being created by Aragon and Autark https://blog.autark.xyz/. Two hundred million construction coins will be created and stored in a wallet controlled by a liquid democracy of builders. All builders can vote on the fee for each task and the completion and then payment of each task. Members will be identified by the Github handle, and Ethereum wallet provided to the group.
A core group of 10 – 20 developers will also receive a monthly payment to ensure there is some people pushing the project along.
Construction coins can be sold for other currencies which is a way for investors to get access to the system. On completion of the Fluid Lender and exchange the Constructions coins are transferable for the investment Coin 1 for 1. As you can see investors are paying the builders directly. Some construction coin could also be sold for hardware if required.
Maintenance will be paid for in newly created FDC and decided upon by the liquid democracy.
Note: Only citizens or associations with at least one citizen can own land, receive the Flat Payment, be a node, be an Oracle, be an arbiter, and be a notary. Non citizens can borrow and lend money if someone will accept it.
Investors
Ten percent of the burnt FDC will be paid to the investors pro rata per coin for a limited period of 10 years after the 1 millionth citizen is created. So essentially for this period 9% of the siphon is paid as a universal income and 1% is paid to investors, on top of the universal payment. The FDI attracts newly created FDC.
Future
This should enable full P2P (per to peer) sales with all segments of the chain being micro-paid at the time of final sale. Diminishing the need for long term trade credit. When you buy the electric bike the seller is paid 10% of the price the aluminum smelter 15% the miner 10% the designer 15% the wheel maker 5% the delivery person 10% etc etc…
This also means there is a trail of funding post effort which means we may have more income in our old age when less able as we accumulate effort into the economy.
David J Campbell 25 Aug 2019
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Fluidity-the way to true demokratia, David J Campbell
